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Thesis Issued 2026-09-09 EN

The effect of antibiotic and vitamin B12 feed supplements on lactating dairy cows

Author: Muhammad Obayedul Haq

Abstract

A. Twenty lactating Holstein cows were divided into four comparable groups on the basis of lactation and gestation. Each group consisted of 5 animals. They r coived a 15.5% digestible protein basal retion. Group I served as the control, group II recsived a supplement containing 130 mg. of tyrothricin, group II received a supplement containing 130 mg. of aureomycin, and group IV received a supplament containing 0.83 mg. of vitanin B12 per cow daily for a period of 60 days. All of the animals had access to pasture during the experimental period of 60 days. Daily milk production was recorded for each animal. Milk samples were collected from each animal prior to the experimental feeding and at intervals of 15 days. These samples were analysed for butterfat, total solids, solids-not-fat, protein, casein, titratable acidity, pH, ash, caleiun, phosphorus, bacterial count and vitanin B12 content. No adverse effects were observed during the feeding of antibiotics. The animals were in good appetite and showed no evidence of diarrhea. The milk records showed no difference in production whether or not the animals received antibicties or vitamin B12. The anount of milk produced daily over that of the initial period were 41.85, 40.02, 39.72, and 40.04 pounds 4% fat-corrected milk for the control, tyrothricin, aureomycin, and vitanin B12 groups, respectively. The percentage of butterfat in the milk samples of the different groups was very similar. The control group averaged 3.36%, the tyrothricin group averaged 3.54%, the aureomycin group averaged 3.28% and the vitamin B12 group averaged 3.24. These differences were not significant. The total solids content of the samples of milk of the different groups varied from 11.46 to 11.66%, and the solids-not-fat from 8.16 to 9.25%. The tyrethricin group had the highest value. The protein content of the milk for the different groups varied from 2.69 to 3.26%, and the cassin content from 1.72 to 2.43%. The tyrothricin group averaged the highest in protein and in casein contents. The titratable acidity of the milk of the different groups varied from 0.130 to 0.175%, the averages being 0.156, 0.158, 0.152, and 0.155% for the control, tyrothricin, aureomycin, and vitanin B12 groups, respectively. The pH of the milk samples was similar. The values were 6.61, 6.62, 6.60, and 6.60 for groups I, II, III, and IV, respectively. The ash content of the milk for the control group averaged 0.6913%, the tyrothricin group, 0.7023%, the aureomycin group, 0.6657%, and the vitamin B12 group, 0.6927%. These differences were not significant. The calcium and the phosphorus content of the milk samples of the different groups were very similar. Calcium values ranged from 96.85 to 103.60 mg.%, and the phosphorus values from 101,.65 to 10344 mg The bacterial count of the milk samples showed no significant difference anong the groups, the valuss being 9.400, 9,000, 12,200, and 12,700 per o.c. for the control, tyrothricin, aureonycin, and vitamin B12 groups, respес tively. The results show that the feeding of antibiotics or vitanin Bi2 has no effect on the bacterial flora of the milk. The samples produced normal acid curd on incubation at 35° C, indicating that the antibiotics were not being secreted into the milk at the level fed. The vitamin B12 content of the milk samples, assayed microbiologically, averaged 1.777 mpg. per ml. for the control group and 1.697 mµg. for the vitamin B12-fed COWS. Thus it is concluded that the feeding of aureomycin or tyrothricin or vitamin B12 supplement at a 1% level had no effect on the milk production, percentages of fat, ash, titratable acidity, calcium, phosphorus, and vitamin B12. The supplementation of tyrothricin at a level of 1% did increase the total solids, solids-not fat, protein and casein values of the milk. The vitamin B12 content of cow's milk was not increased by feeding vitamin B12 supplement at a 1% level. B. Experiment II involved supplementing the basal ration with higher levels of vitamin B12 to determine whether an increase in vitamin B12 value of the mil would occur. Group I served as the control, groups II, III, and IV received a 2, 3, or 4% vitamin Bia supplement, respectively, for a period of 15 days. This amounted to 1.66, 2.49, or 3.32 mg. of vitamin B1z per cow daily. All other treatments were similar to the previous trial. The milk production for the different groups showed no significant difference Butterfat production was significantly depressed when the higher levels of vitamin Biz supplement was fed. The vitamin B12. content of the milk for the different groups was sinilar. The vitanin 22 content varied from 3.90 to 4.12 mug per ml. of milk. The actual values being 4.06, 4.10, 3.90 and 4.12 mug per al. for groups I, II, III, and IV, respectively. Thus it appears that the vitamin B2 content of cow's milk can not be increased by feeding as much as 3.32 mg. of vitamin R12 daily. More than 0.03 mg. of vita min B12 depressed the percentage of fat in the milk.