Institutional Repository
Thesis Issued 2026-09-08 EN

Economic study on small-scale marine fisheries in Bangladesh

Author: Md. Golam Rabbani

Abstract

Bangladesh has an exclusive economic zone (EEZ) Of 164 km2 and a continental shelf area Of 66 40 km2. Artisanal (small scale) fisheries extend from the coast to 40 m while industrial (commercial scale) fisheries operate 40 m depth. The coastal fisheries of Bangladesh exploit complex multi-species resources. At present, the marine fisheries contributes about Of the countrys total production despite a reasonable marine and brackish water area under the EEZ. The main objective of the study was to determine the profitability of small-scale marine fish production technologies (gear) used in marine fishing and to measure the technical efficiency of marine fishing lx'ats. Besides, distribution and the value chain system of marine fishes in different levels of market and efficiency of different marketing channel are also being studied. In view of time and resource constraints, three major gears, namely Gillnet, Setbag net and Tnngline have been selected. The study employed both primary and data. A total of 330 samples fishermen of which from gillnet, 70 from setbag net and that of 60 from Longline were semed. For marketing and distribution of marine fish, 168 traders (42 aratdnrs, 56 beparies and 70 retailers) were selected in the primary, secondary and consumer market at different locations of Bangladesh. The study had made use of several analytical techniques to address the specific objectives. Cobb-Douglas (types of stochastic frontier production function) and translog were used to analyze efficiency. Moreover, Composite Index Method was used to estimate the efficiency of different channels of marine fish marketed. Results revealed that small-scale marine fishing is cost effective and profitable in the study areas. As compared to total catch, Gillnet fishing was much higher than Sctbag net fishing and Longline fishing, and for this reason gross revenue, gross margin and net return were also higher for Gillnet fishing. The averages per trip net margin were Tk. 53,807 and 46,668 for Gillnet fishing, Setbag net fi9hing and Longline fishing, respectively. Among gears Gillnet fishing boat received the highest gross revenue and net return due to higher catches and higher prices of selected fishes caught. As hilsa is the main species of Gillnet fishing boat, and the price of Ililsa was much higher than the other marine species. cut was higher for higher HP engine boat and yielded higher return compared to low HP engine boat. The empirical result showed that the estimated mean technical efficiencies for the Gillnet, Setbag net and Longline fishing boats were 0.83, 0.82 and 0.85, respectively. It was evident from the result that the technical efficiency was almost same for all gears. It was also observed that marine fishing experience of head mnji, boat with higher HP engine and new boat tended to have higher efficiency. Head majis with longer fishing experiences were technically more efficient than head majis with shorter fishing experience. Marine fish marketing system in Bangladesh is usually organiæd and managed by the private sector. The major stakeholders (actors) and intermediaries were fishermen and fish producers, beparies, nratdnrs, paikers, farias, retailers and consumers who were involved in marketing chain of marine fishes in Bangladesh. When fish moves through value chains, every intermediary adds some extra costs with the purchase price as part of their involvement or profit. Marketing margins were relatively higher in consumer market compared to primary market and secondary market. Indicators of marketing performance indicate that shorter channels are more efficient than that of longer channels. Among the marine frozen fish marketing channel in domestic market, channel 1 and channel 3 were the more efficient. And for dry fish marketing channels, channel 5 was the more efficient channel than that of others channels. With the growing need to meet the growing demand for fish, small-scale artisanal fishing plays an important role. Higher HP engine with large size boat should be encouraged for marine fishing to have better catch and higher return. Appropriate training programs should introduced for man power development in the marine fishery sector. The use of modern fishing boat and improved fishing technology should IN? promoted, through proper training and motivation program for fisher. Moreover, marketing system should be developed for distribution of marine fish to sub-urban and rural areas. Fishers should encouraged to sell their fish through shorter marketing channel to get higher price and for these market information should be available to the fisherman